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At the junior levels , entry-level professionals in both fields spend a lot of time in Excel working on models, valuations, and documents such as equity research reports and investment banking pitch books. public markets roles ( hedge funds , asset management , etc.), bulgebracket research team to startup PE firm).
For example, a public finance team would not advise on an M&A deal between two data center REITs or on the financing for a privately funded offshore wind farm. However, public finance teams advise only governments, non-profits, and tax-exempt entities not private corporations and the scope of deals and industries is much narrower.
The basic difference is that the international bulgebracket banks tend to be stronger in M&A advisory and weaker in equity and debt capital markets. These banks focus on the capital markets, so you should target the bulgebrackets if you want to work on M&A deals. 1,000 | Singapore: ~170 Hedge Funds: U.S.:
The protocol appeals to the sell-side for several reasons, namely the fact that they can take a basket of securities and use them in other trades, special purpose vehicles (SPV) or, importantly, the exchange traded fund (ETF) create and redeem process. It’s one book and that makes it easy.
As with PE in many other emerging/frontier markets, it’s more like growth equity than traditional roles at middle-market PE firms and mega-funds in the U.S. For example, Sequoia is an international firm with USD and RMB funds in China, while domestic VC firms like Qiming Ventures have raised USD funds abroad to invest in China.
based bulgebrackets (GS, MS, JPM, Citi, and BofA) are the strongest international banks, and Avendus, Kotak, JM Financial, ICICI, and Axis are the strongest domestic firms. Among the bulgebrackets, the U.S.-based based firms (GS, MS, Citi, JPM, and BofA) tend to perform best.
But the headwinds have subsided, and the tailwinds have finally arrived in the form of new fund launches, a rise in allocations and increasing returns for funds, not to mention the continuing emergence of multi-strategy hedge funds. That’s adding a level of interest in the sector again by allocators. billion in 2023.
The first few years are very tough because you start from nothing – but if you build a decent book, the job gets easier since you’ll have consistent revenue from long-term clients. So, you won’t pull all-nighters to finish pitch books , and you won’t be called in over the weekend to make last-minute changes to a model.
But if you’re interviewing at an early-stage VC fund (i.e., They plan to target these smaller and mid-sized banks because they’re easier to reach and they have fewer resources for pitch book creation. Also, these numbers do not account for the dilution in future funding rounds. A $50 million exit value would be a 2.5x
We’ll return to this point later, but in finance, it’s more common to do a pre-MBA internship at a small VC/PE firm or boutique bank rather than a bulgebracket bank. If you’re targeting an informal venture capital internship , private equity internship , or search fund internship , focus on smaller, local firms.
Example Valuations, Pitch Books, Fairness Opinions, and Investor Presentations This list was extremely difficult to compile due to the lack of company-level deals in the sector, but I’ve done my best: Solar Sunergy Renewables – SPAC / IPO (Cohen and Houlihan Capital) Investor Presentation Fairness Opinion (pg.
Central limit order book (CLOB) While it is easy to romanticise the sheer graft that went into trading a few decades ago, the introduction of central limit order books (CLOBs) and streamed pricing were much-needed innovations. They’re an alternative venue to the lit order books hosted by exchanges.
Analyst / Associate: “OK, what do we need for the pitch books ?” Also, it was easier to use IB roles to win private equity and hedge fund jobs , as recruiting started later, and there was less competition. As I wrote in a recent update of the bulgebracket banks article , though, these points are less true today.
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